Eating disorders Essay -- essays research papers

I choose to do these weeks health paper on beating disorders. I myself have dealt with an eating disorder and know the effects it erect have on those you love and yourself both physically and mentally. Bulimia and Anorexia are serious, functional eating disorders. There are a lot of similarities between the two, moreover the few differences differentiate the two. Anorexia is an eating disorder in which a person has an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming obese. This person may eat little or nothing during the day, essentially starving themselves. This disease can ca accustom a lot of damage to the body such as slowed feeling rate, lowered body temperature and blood pressure, premature bone loss, loss of menstruation or irregular periods, change in body hair, grayish or white-livered skin and mood changes. According to several resources, approximately .5%-3.7% of females entrust suffer from Anorexia Nervosa in their lifetime.Bulimia is a person who binges and purges. The majority of bulimia nervosa patients are female. They will eat a large quantity of food in a short amount of time and then self-induce vomiting or will use laxatives or diuretics. They may also exercise compulsively. This person will can have damaged and discolored teeth, lung irritation, and muscle spasms, electrolyte imbalances that can lead to irregular heartbeats and heart bankruptcy and death. They may also have sores on the back of the hand that is for self induced vomiting. According to several resources, approximatel...

How businesses develop :: Business and Management Studies:

How businesses developThe aim of this report is to produce a portfolio based on aninvestigation of two contrasting businesses. I wear elect twodifferent companies for my report. It will includea description of type of ownership and the different liabilities ofowners. A description off different industrial sectors and currant UKtrends in their growth or decline. Description of business activitiesand current UK trends in their growth or decline. The reason for thelocation of each business. A Description of the run of eachstakeholder on each business.Of my chosen businesses.Type of owner shipThe large company I feed chosen is Tesco the reason I chose Tesco isits a very successfully growing large company. Tesco is publiclimited company (PLC) (Means that any one can be sh atomic number 18holder) commonplacelimited companies are the largest type of privately owned enterprisein the UK. A PLC has power to rise large amount of capital, throughselling its shares to the public.A Public Lim ited Company can sell its shares on the Stock Market, theowners of a Limited Company are not involved in the running of thebusiness, unless they have been elected to the Board of DirectorsThis means it can develop the business more easily then privatelimited company, sole trader. It can also welfare from being alarge-size organization. It will be able to grease ones palms in bulk, andspecialise.Tesco sells Groceries, cloths, CDs, videos, DVDs, books, ComputerGames, Electricals, school equipment, Wines and other alcohol drinks.Tesco is currently the leading supermarket in uk. Tesco as a prettygood Competition from other supermarkets such as Sainsbury, Safeway.But Tesco is cheaper then most of the other supermarkets and theyoffers lot more products. Recoding to Tosco on average Sainsburysare 4% more expensive than Tesco and Safeway are 10% more expensivethan Tesco.There are more then 700-plus stores and many dispersal centres arelocated in United Kingdom. They have several office si tes in the UK and Ireland, where there mark support functions are based. The majority of office staff is based in Hertfordshire. Tesco has been operating on an international basis for long time, anticipating the need to become amajor retail name in key regions, they moved into central Europe,where they have a strong presence in Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and theCzech Republic and the dynamic Asian market.Been a PLC Tesco has advantages such as have limited liability, enjoymaximum continuity, can raise large sums of capital, large size enablethem to enjoy economies of scale such as being able to buy suppliesin bulk and they find it easy to borrow money then smaller businesses

Exploring Dyslexia and its Implications Essay -- Exploratory Essays Re

Exploring Dyslexia and its Implications IntroductionImagine yourself in a crowded room. You are sitting at a table with other hoi polloi your age, reading a leger expose loud, and it is your turn. You look up at the other people, terrified because nothing is coming forbidden of your mouth. You notifyt manage to force even one word out because you dont know how to read. Now, imagine yourself as a teenager. This is what it was like for 4teen-year-old Anita, a dyslexic. Life was horrible for her. She verbalize that Dyslexia makes you an outcast, and people think you are dumb...Its like racism people are just prejudiced (McConville, 2000). Feeling useless, she got herself into a lot of trouble drinking, smoking and two attempts of suicide. Dyslexia seems like such a minimal disorder, but what is it really, what causes it, and how can it be treated?What is dyslexia?Dyslexia is a reading disorder. It is something that affects not only the readers life, but also the lives of everyone virtually him or her. It is a very random motive, but it is four times more common in males than in females. The race, culture, and society are not considered when dyslexia decides who it go away attack, but when it does, it causes symptoms that differ from difficulty in spelling to need of self confidence and difficulty in pronunciation to a bad short-term retentiveness (Bee, 2000).There are many theories of how dyslexia is caused. One is that it is inherited. Another is the overleap of certain nutrients obtained by eating some foods. Whatever the cause, it is still a serious condition that needs to be treated.SymptomsIf someone was to have dyslexia, how would it be acknowledge? Here are some common characteristics of dyslexia.1. There are no hearin... ...f the research in the causes and many treatments of dyslexia. ReferencesBee, P. (2000, June 27). Early warning system to detect dyslexia. The measure (London). pylons, and yet another miracle cure for dyslexia. The Guard ian (London), pp. 15.Connor, S. (2002, January 4). Cause of dyslexia narrowed down to single chromosome. The freelancer (London), pp. 5.Ellis, R. (2002, January 21). Lessons leart sic in treating dyslexia. Courier Mail, pp. 6.Fraser, L. (2001, April 15). Fish oils help to improve dyslexics concentration. Sunday Telegraph, pp. 10.Hagin, R. & Silver, A. A. Dyslexia. Colliers Encyclopedia. 1993Kaluger, G. & Kolson, C. J. (1978). indicant and learning disabilities. Ohio, Bell and Howell Company.McConville, B. (2000, March 21). Hope for dyslexics. The Times (London).(1999, September 11). Dyslexia gene. The Lancet. Exploring Dyslexia and its Implications Essay -- Exploratory Essays ReExploring Dyslexia and its Implications IntroductionImagine yourself in a crowded room. You are sitting at a table with other people your age, reading a book out loud, and it is your turn. You look up at the other people, terrified because nothing is coming out of your mouth. You cant manage to force even one word out because you dont know how to read. Now, imagine yourself as a teenager. This is what it was like for fourteen-year-old Anita, a dyslexic. Life was horrible for her. She said that Dyslexia makes you an outcast, and people think you are dumb...Its like racism people are just prejudiced (McConville, 2000). Feeling useless, she got herself into a lot of trouble drinking, smoking and two attempts of suicide. Dyslexia seems like such a minimal disorder, but what is it really, what causes it, and how can it be treated?What is dyslexia?Dyslexia is a reading disorder. It is something that affects not only the readers life, but also the lives of everyone around him or her. It is a very random condition, but it is four times more common in males than in females. The race, culture, and society are not considered when dyslexia decides who it will attack, but when it does, it causes symptoms that differ from difficulty in spelling to lack of self confidence and difficu lty in pronunciation to a bad short-term memory (Bee, 2000).There are many theories of how dyslexia is caused. One is that it is inherited. Another is the lack of certain nutrients obtained by eating some foods. Whatever the cause, it is still a serious condition that needs to be treated.SymptomsIf someone was to have dyslexia, how would it be recognized? Here are some common characteristics of dyslexia.1. There are no hearin... ...f the research in the causes and many treatments of dyslexia. ReferencesBee, P. (2000, June 27). Early warning system to detect dyslexia. The Times (London). pylons, and yet another miracle cure for dyslexia. The Guardian (London), pp. 15.Connor, S. (2002, January 4). Cause of dyslexia narrowed down to single chromosome. The Independent (London), pp. 5.Ellis, R. (2002, January 21). Lessons leart sic in treating dyslexia. Courier Mail, pp. 6.Fraser, L. (2001, April 15). Fish oils help to improve dyslexics concentration. Sunday Telegraph, pp. 10.Hagin, R. & Silver, A. A. Dyslexia. Colliers Encyclopedia. 1993Kaluger, G. & Kolson, C. J. (1978). Reading and learning disabilities. Ohio, Bell and Howell Company.McConville, B. (2000, March 21). Hope for dyslexics. The Times (London).(1999, September 11). Dyslexia gene. The Lancet.

Journal Reading :: essays research papers

Introduction Journaling is a powerful thing there are many different uses for a Journal, everything from personal thoughts to keeping an expedition written down(a) for later resource. Many people dont use Journals which is unfortunate, my focus in this paper is to show the different areas of Journaling and to possibly make it a f each(prenominal) in of your life.Thesis My thesis statement is to show the importance of journaling in leadership and other positions.Getting started, it doesnt persuade much to get started, all you submit is a pen or pencil, preferably a pencil incase you need to change something, but a wise teacher once told me that his mom asked him a very interesting question, What do you use on crossword puzzles, a pen or a pencil, she then later stated I always do mine in pen, now the reason behind her always doing it in pen is so you know you did it write the first time, and you sense of smell confident in that. The next thing you would or should need is some thing to write on, this posterior be anything from a purchased store journal to napkin from a restaurant, although having a booklet of napkins may seem absurd, it doesnt matter as long as its something to take your thoughts down on. The other thing that you should have is a positive attitude, trust me it is helpful in all aspects of life, a great man once said, The greatest discovery of my generation is that human being can alter their lives by altering their attitude of mind by William James. (Pg.88 John Maxwell The 21 Indispensable Qualities of a leader). Thats about all it should take to start a effective journal, so stay focused as we will be going through the Purpose of Journaling. The first area I would like to delve into is the thinking aspect of Journaling. I dont know about you, but I like to think, it makes me feel like Im the smartest man in the world. I took this class called Practicum Seminar Leadership and for the class we had to go on a solo trip for about 3 days, b y ourselves, and I thought a lot while I was out there and I wish I had, had a journal to keep all my thoughts down in, because some of them were lost, but I came out of there with a deep understanding of what it means to be positive.

Students Aims of Academic Studies, and Means of Achieving Them Essay

Parents should encourage teenagers to continue their studies after graduating from school, while they should have academic aims in perusal and how to come upon their aims. Academic study is to study at a higher educational institution, university or college, where you get the best education to become a master in the field that you chose. Students have many aims for academic study which are divided to include their desire or to improve a skill for a future job and maybe to amplification more noesis. Education is important factor to develop ourselves, to achieve success and to build up more knowledge in our lives. Which, it gives us an opportunity to reach what everyone want to be. First, the essay will consider on some aims of academic study and then some ways to achieve them.Students have different perspectives which lead to different aims of academic study. Because of that the ways to achieve their personal aims of academic study, from student to student have difference. In th is divide we will discuss well-nigh three different aims of academic studies. First of all, a few numbers of students have the desire to add a readiness to their lives, while they enjoy learning and improve themselves. Second aim is to develop their talents for a career. The university is the best place to improve the most important skills and talents for your future carrier. To gain skills and grow more talent will make you well-prepared for future career and job. For example, Dahi Khalfan Tamim, Commander of Dubai Police, said in a Meeting of the Council of the Development Training in Dubai police that aimed at preparing the police for special employment in the ways to use technology, simulation and 3D video games, to progress the training process to... ... educational technology has many benefits on teachers and students. They can improve their skills and gain more information from the internet and computers. Many different sorts of educational software are make and available to help educator to learn specific subjects.In conclusion, the great numbers of academic studies aims have differences in meaning to every student. In some other words, the countless aims of academic studies should be to prepare for a successful carrier or to add a qualification with all skills and knowledge which are important. Which it brings about to be a skillful and expert in the specialization that you are studying. Finally, the way of achievement changes from student to student because of their different ways of thinking. Having academic aims and to achieve them in your life, it assist you to uncover your personality, strengths and weakness.

Students Aims of Academic Studies, and Means of Achieving Them Essay

Parents should encourage teenagers to continue their studies after graduating from school, while they should have donnish aims in studying and how to achieve their aims. Academic study is to study at a higher educational institution, university or college, where you get the best education to become a professional in the field that you chose. Students have many aims for academic study which are divided to include their desire or to remediate a skill for a future job and maybe to gain much knowledge. Education is important factor to develop ourselves, to achieve success and to build up more knowledge in our lives. Which, it gives us an opportunity to reach what everyone hope to be. First, the essay will consider on some aims of academic study and then some ways to achieve them.Students have contrasting perspectives which lead to disparate aims of academic study. Because of that the ways to achieve their personal aims of academic study, from student to student have difference. In this paragraph we will discuss about three different aims of academic studies. First of all, a few numbers of students have the desire to add a qualification to their lives, while they enjoy learning and improve themselves. help aim is to develop their talents for a career. The university is the best place to improve the most important skills and talents for your future carrier. To gain skills and grow more talent will set you well-prepared for future career and job. For example, Dahi Khalfan Tamim, Commander of Dubai Police, said in a Meeting of the Council of the Development Training in Dubai police that aimed at preparing the police for special traffic in the ways to use technology, simulation and 3D video games, to progress the training process to... ... Educational technology has many benefits on teachers and students. They can improve their skills and gain more information from the internet and computers. Many different sorts of educational software are made and available to help educator to learn particular subjects.In conclusion, the great numbers of academic studies aims have differences in meaning to every student. In other words, the countless aims of academic studies should be to prepare for a successful carrier or to add a qualification with all skills and knowledge which are important. Which it brings about to be a skillful and expert in the specialization that you are studying. Finally, the way of achievement changes from student to student because of their different ways of thinking. Having academic aims and to achieve them in your life, it assist you to uncover your personality, strengths and weakness.

How Far Is Odysseus Motivated by Nostos?

Odysseus is motivated only by his bank to return rest home (nostos). How far do you agree with this view? In your answer you should * Consider how Odysseus behaves on his journey home * Include an analysis of his motives * Support your answer with curtilage from The Odyssey. On his journey home, Odysseus encounters many obstacles which he attempts to overcome fleetly so that he may arrive home as soon as potential however, it can be argued that nostos is non his only motive throughout his journey, though it may be the most operative.In Book 5, Homer presents Odysseus for the first time, and we find him nodding for his lost home and discover that he has been doing so for the past seven years every day. This shows how untold he longs for his nostos and that this is his main aim in life. However, condescension his apparent pain and homesickness, he has not yet attempted to leave the island, nor does he hate Calypso for keeping him here, as he sleeps with her every nighttime a nd shows no aversion to eating and talking with her.Of course, if he did try to escape he would die immediately, so his motive for not doing so is self-preservation rather than nostos on the other hand, if he died he would never achieve his nostos, so perhaps his doctor motive is nostos. Furthermore, he declines Calypsos offer of immortality as he claims his never-failing wish is to achieve his nostos. In Book 9, Odysseus tells the Phaeacians that he and his men raided Ismarus when they left Troy.Odysseus motive for this could either be a desire for booty (in which case he wants kleos rather than nostos) or a desire for supplies (in which case he does want to achieve nostos, and so is preparing himself for the journey). Also, he is anxious to leave Ismarus as soon as possible which shows a desire for nostos however, he allows his men to overrule this decision, which either shows that his motive is to please his men, or that his desire for nostos is not very strong at this forefron t.If it is the former, his sole motive his not nostos. (Incidentally, when he drags two of his men away from the Lotus-eaters, his motive is to please his men as well as to be a good leader, not nostos, which shows that his sole motive is not nostos at this point). In Book 9, Odysseus explains how he tried to escape the Cyclops cave as he and his men were in mortal peril thus, his motive was self-preservation and good leadership (as he wanted to save his men as well).Furthermore, the reason they were trapped in the cave in the first place was because Odysseus desired booty though his men tried to urge him away, he wanted gifts and would not leave without them. In addition to this, he called out his true name to the Cyclops as he wanted kleos and thus provoked the Cyclops to curse him (which hindered his nostos). At this point in his journey, he was motivated more by kleos than by nostos. In Book 10, we find out that Odysseus stays with Aeolus for an entire month, thus fulfilling the laws of xenia by not rushing away, so piety seems to take precedence over nostos here.When he has left Aeolia, however, he is certainly anxious to reach Ithaca swiftly and even takes tell apart control of the sheet of the ship in his anxiety. He does not relax until they are finally in sight of Ithaca. Furthermore, when the winds blow him back to Aeolia, he does not attempt to linger once more but immediately requests Aeolus to assist him in reaching Ithaca as soon as possible and feels heavy distress when the request his denied, showing how important nostos is to him.In Book 10, Odysseus also relates how he stayed with Circe for a year simply finding pleasure in living and enjoying himself. He does not feel any pressing need to return to Ithaca, and it is his men who finally remind him that they need to go home. This shows that he is not motivated entirely by nostos on his journey. On the other hand, when his men urge him to leave Circes island, he is quick to agree and they le ave the next day, showing his earnestness to return home however, despite nostos being the significant motive it is benefit that it is not the sole motive at this point.In Book 12, Odysseus encounters the Sirens, Scylla and Charybdis and the island of Thrinacie. Here it is very clear that his motive is not nostos he listens to the Sirens rather than putting wax in his ears, motivated by kleos and curiosity he attempts to kill Scylla rather than sailing swiftly past, again motivated by kleos he easily gives in to his men and lands on Thrinacie despite knowing that their deadliest peril (and greatest obstacle to nostos) lies there, claiming his motive is that he cannot go against the majority vote.Although he does pray to the gods for a way of escape from Thrinacie, he can also be motivated by wanting supplies and self-preservation, so his sole motive is not nostos. On Scherie, Odysseus states that All I seek now is my passage home. The use of all shows that it is the only thing he wishes for and therefore his sole motive since he has left Calypsos island. It can be argued, however, that it is only because Odysseus has achieved kleos (his name is known even in the heavens) and no longer has the responsibility of his men that his sole motive is now nostos.Also, he has now been away from home for twenty years, and is now truly homesick. Odysseus arrival in Ithaca is quite anti-climatic although he is overjoyed and kisses the earth, Homer does not linger on the moment but relates how genus Athene and Odysseus proceed to make a plan. The killing of the Suitors is much more significant, as it is described in great detail and Books 14 23 concern mainly this matter.Then again, perhaps this is because Odysseus has not achieved his nostos simply by arriving at Ithaca he must regain his position as well, in which case the killing of the Suitors is far more significant. However, it can be argued that the killing of the Suitors is not unaccompanied motivated by nostos but also a desire for revenge, especially since Odysseus does not spare any of them and kills his disloyal servants as well, and would have killed the Suitors families if it had not been for Athenes interference it does not seem like the sole motive for all of this killing could have been nostos.In conclusion, Odysseus is motivated by many things throughout his journey, including kleos, revenge, curiosity, the desire to please his men, good leadership, leading a comfortable life and nostos. Before he lands on Calypsos island, nostos is not the most significant however, it becomes his sole motive for the rest of his journey. Once he lands in Ithaca, it can be argued that he is also motivated by revenge, but nostos is still a significant motive even if it is not the sole motive.

How Indian Cinema Evolved over the Years Essay

A hundred years ago on this date, Indias start-off film Raja Harishchandra was released. Over the past hundred years, our cinema and its facets convey evolved and howThe wedge shape From mooch to macho From a bulky mustached Raj Kapoor in the 40s to a six-pack flaunting, butt-baring John Abraham now, the Bollywood hero has had quite a makeover. The 50s was the era of method-acting with the give cares of Dilip Kumar, while in the 60s, Rajesh caravansaryna and Dev Anand epitomised hallucination on screen. After Khannas guru kurtas and fluffy hairtop, Amitabh Bachchan brought the angry unseasoned(a) man into the picture in the 70s and 80s with Zanjeer, Deewar and Agneepath, also bringing to the fore, bell bottoms and side burns. The 90s was the time of the lover boys Shah Rukh Khan, Aamir Khan and Salman Khan dancing in exotic contradictory locales. Now, the Bollywood hero is not restricted by genre or style and fits into every mould. He is a looker, chocolatey, experimental and total paisa vasool, read Ranbir Kapoor and Imran Khan.The heroine From feeble to pleasing In the early decades, the heroine in Indian cinema had only one objective in life, that of being a sati-savitri, who never looked beyond her family and husband. The kitchen was her cocoon, and she epitomised all things good. by means of the 1940s, 50s and 60s, heroines such as Mala Sinha, Meena Kumari, Madhubala, Nanda and Asha Parekh ruled these roles. It was only in the 80s and 90s that she evolved as a strong character (Rekha in Khoon Bhari Mang, 1988), (Meenakshi Sheshadri in Damini, 1993). While in the early 2000s, she was dumb the demure girl, she managed to live her life on her terms homogeneous Rani Mukerji in Kabhie Alvida Naa Kehna. And the heroine today is the sexy, uber cool woman who cares for little more than her own life. instruction to go girl The villainFrom scary to suave From the usual lot of wicked village zamindars, smugglers, murderers, rapists, dacoits and terrorist s, the larger-than-life Bollywood villains have become rare in new age cinema. Thus the traditional villain, Loin, Shakal, Mogambo, Dr Dang and Badman, has died a natural death. The wigged, cigar-smoking avatars played by the likes of Pran, Prem Chopra, Amrish Puri, have made way for smart and sometimes more-adorable-than-the-hero kind of villains. Exhibit A- Saif Ali Khan (Omkara) and Shah Rukh Khan (Don). No lines are drawn now and black characters have became grey with lead actors playing antagonists in films, almost replacing the dedicated villains. This attach the end of ever reverberating iconic one liners like Kitne aadmi the? and Saara sheher mujhe Loin ke naam se jaanta hain. The maaRona-dhona to supercool From the God fearing and homely mum to a party freak, mothers in Bollywood have come a long way since 1930s. While Nargis in Mother India (1957) played a mother who went through hardships and struggled to bring up her offsprings, Nirupa Roy in the 70s became equivalent with white saris and a melancholic look. Then came Reema Lagoo, with her bindi and sindoor, an ideal middle class Indian mother in Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak (1988) and Maine Pyar Kiya (1989), who tried to be a champion to her son. But now, mothers are the uber cool women who are ready to accept even same-sex couples, case in point, Kirron Kher in Dostana (2008). And now there are mom who imbibition and dance at weddings, ala Dolly Walia in Vicky Donor (2012). The item girlTaboo to must-haves The dancing girl evolved from the Cabaret seductress, the free-spirited banjaran, the sensuous courtesan to dancing temptresses in half-saris. In the 40s and 50s, Cuckoo Moray, hotted up the screen with her innocent charm. The 50s saw Vyjayanthimala woo the audience in songs such as Chad Gayo Papi Bichua in Madhumati (1958) in ghagra cholis, and junk flatware jewellery. Helen ruled the 60s and 70s, emerging in a bold avatar with dramatic ensembles. The 80s saw the trend of heroines appear in ite m numbers with Zeenat Aman in Qurbani (1980). Madhuri Dixits Choli Ke Peeche Kya Hai became the ultimate tease in the 90s. The item girls of 2000s are sexy, not afraid to show skin and love to play hard to set up, be it Malaika Arora Khan in a mid-riff baring choli dancing atop a train or Katrina in Sheila Ki Jawani.The comedian Funny face to frontman The comedian in the 40s, was the round man with funny facial expressions, whose mere presence made audiences laugh. In the 1950s, the lean Johnny Walker broke that trend and managed to win hearts with his slapstick humour. Kishore Kumar, essentially a singer, redefined comedy by using his songs like Meri Pyari Bindu (Padosan 1968) as elements of fun in films. But it was Mehmood, with his fringed hair and impeccable dialogue address who became the king of comedy in the 1970s. The next big thing in comedy was Johnny Lever, who left audiences in splits with his body language and dialogues in films like Raja Hindustani (1996) and Dulhe Raja (1998). Now, its the heroes Akshay Kumar (Hera Pheri), Ajay Devgn (Golmaal) who are doubling as comedians. The friendSidekick to the right-hand man The side kick or heros best friend, every Bollywood film has had one. The role could be that of a fun buddy who provides comic relief to the film or that one jigari dost who girdle with the hero through thick and thin (in other words, fights for the hero and often dies in the end). From the days of Mukri and Mehmood, who played the heros good friend in the 1950s and 60s to the current time where actors like Arshad Warsi and Sharman Joshi play as powerful characters as the hero himself, this portrayal has had a sea change. Mehmood in Humjoli (1970), for instance, played a sidekick who brought the house down with his antics, but Arshad Warsi in the Munnabhai series (2003/06) played the ideal Robin to Sanjay Dutts Batman, and got some of the best lines in the films. The romance shame plant to pre-marital sex Romance in Bollywood turn ed from bold to coy and back to racy and bold. The silent film, A Throw of Dice (1929) saw actor Seeta Devi caress actor Charu Roy. Post-independence, in the 1940s, romance became conservative. The Cinematograph Act in 1952, called kissing on screen indecent and romance became associated with clasping hand and staring into each others eyes. Kissing was shown with two flowers coming together or honey bees sucking nectar from flowers. 1970s was Raj Kapoors era that brought a passion back to romance with movies such as Bobby (1973), Satyam Shivam Sundaram (1978). It was the 90s that romance took a pure and sweet form the two blockbuster hits Hum Aapke Hain Kaun (1994) Dilwale Duhaniya Le Jayenge (1995). Now, in the 2000s, pre-marital sex shown in films like Salaam Namaste (2005) and Rockstar (2011), is considered cool. The musicMelodies to racy tracks The 1930 and 40s, were defined by nasal renditions by the likes of KL Saigal (Jab Dil Hi Tooth Gaya, Shahjahan, 1946) and Noorjehan. Th e 50s were all about soul-soothing melodies. Songs like it Pyaar Huya Ekraar Huya (Shree 420 1952) or Jaane Woh Kaise Log The (Pyaasa 1957) became epics. However, it was R D Burman, who single-handedly changed the course of Bollywood film music, and introduced westernised tunes in songs in the 60s. While 70s remained the decade of a mix of soft and fast numbers, the 80s turned Bollywood music on its head, as Bappi Lahiri brought in disco music. Disco Dancer (1982) marked the beginning of a range of high-on-noise, low-on-lyrics songs. The 1990s churned out several hugely forgettable numbers, except for melodious hits like 1942 a Love Story (1994), Saajan (1991). The 2000s have been the decade of experimenting thus Sonu Nigam and Yo Yo Honey Singh both find place in the same film. The dialoguesMelodrama to quirky Power-packed dialogues get the maximum seetis from the audience, and why not. A film is often remembered for its iconic dialogues. Kaun kambakth bardasht karne ke liye peet a hai, from Devdas thats a favourite even with the daarubaaz of today. However, dialogues like Kitne aadmi the, and Kuttey main tera khoon pi jaunga from Sholay, Pushpa, I shun tears from Amar Prem and Mere paas maa hai from Deewar have gone on to become epic. In the 1990s, heroes impressed their lady love with dialogues. Thus came, I love you Kkk Kiran (Darr), Bade tender shehron mein aisi chhoti chhoti baatein hoti rehti hain. (DDLJ 1995). In 2000, quirky dialogues such as, Main apni favourite hoon (Jab We Met), Picture Abhi Baki Hai Dost (Om Shanti Om) are the big hits among film buffs.

The Early Childhood Education

Education is an asset for every person and probably the most important pert is when it starts, at early childhood. This decides the childs attitude to breeding throughout life and its capacity to learn. Children start to learn early in life and though it may not be realized that even during the first few months of life the child begins experimenting with language. The attitudes towards literacy develop during this period and all important concepts of literacy expand during these years through the care of the adults and dissimilar forms of print that they chance to meet.This important form of literacy is composed of several key components according to the experts on literacy and this first of these is phonetic awareness. This is an understanding that speech contains many units comparable utter quarrel, syllables and sounds. The children gradually become familiar with names of letters, their shapes and sounds. Over a period of time they also develop the capacity to take every spok en word apart in terms of sound and also combine sounds to form words. (Promoting Literacy Activities in Early Childhood Settings)The children have to hear and say the part of the word and then but they advise learn to read it. They have to understand the importance of each sound in a word, as this is the only way they will learn to say the word properly and not develop too much of an accent or slang which will attenuate the ability of somebodys to understand it. For this purpose the children have to be provided with practice in matching sounds and letters. Even after they learn to say the words, they have to practice variant those words many times as it is only practice that makes a person perfect.It is easy for children to understand that there are many words in material that is read for they will also have to learn it. (Beginning to Read Preschool through Grade 2) The most important matter in all this is effort as no one is perfect when starting out and it is ilkly that t he child will make mistakes, and it is for certain not a deliberate misfortune or an attempt to irritate the informer. The most important part is patience. The next part is the understanding of alphabetic principles, and this consists of linking the letters of the alphabet with the corresponding sounds that they should produce.The importance of this can be understood from the importance that is assigned to knowledge of the alphabet at school entry and this has also been found to be one of the best indicators of the capacitance of reading achievement for children. (Promoting Literacy Activities in Early Childhood Settings) For all this, it is important that the children are able to communicate easily with all toddlers, and an important part in this is to simplify the talk with them and not single-valued function baby talk.The children have to understand the teacher but still realize that sounds are attached to alphabets which cannot be changed. The talk has to be simple enough f or them to understand and it is better to say Lets get coats on instead of saying We are going to take a walk around the block, so you must put your coat on. (Early Literacy and Beginning to Read) This may seem like a command, but when the child would quite not do it, then the child will protest, and then further talk can tell the child the purpose.Sometimes, it can be even indicated by action as the children are equally capable of communication through action. The first method of crying is only to draw the attention of the m early(a). At the alike(p) time, it is important to use the childrens names for reacting with them so that the entire conversation is personalized and also make the child aware of its personal identity. This often leads to a use of its own name for referring to itself instead of saying I. This is a misuse that will get corrected in time when the child learns the difference amidst nouns and pronouns.What is required is patience. on that point are a number of methods for encouraging the development of languages like reading stories, singing songs, listening to recorded songs and music, and giving them opportunities to react with other children and adults. (Promoting Literacy Activities in Early Childhood Settings) It is better to leave children in a creche where they can react with other children than leaving them alone in a house. There are differences between children some talk more than others and this is a natural difference and should not get the teacher worried.Trips are important and during them things should be explained to children, but explain only what needs explanation. Children are not idiots as human intelligence develops 90 percent of the full adult limit for the individual by the age of four. When unnecessary information is passed on to children they also protest, and often they are not aware of manners that are required in society. one and only(a) should not get upset, but carry on normally. Talk with all sometime(pren ominal) tenses and future tenses, but remember that for children up to a certain age, past tense is what happened yesterday and what will happen tomorrow is future.For full understanding and gradation of past and future, they take time. Those are not the end of the initial education that is required by a child. Another aspect is of print awareness through which the child understands that print carries the meaning of the story and the process is through printed words which correspond to spoken words. In English the print moves from left to right and from top to bottom on a page, and it should be the job of education to teach the children about print, expose them to print and link up print to the sounds.Another key component is the development of writing and this also starts off early in a childs life. In many cases, even before the child is formally introduced to writing, they engage themselves in scribbling, producing different forms which can be said to be like letters and use thei r own spelling to express letters. These are certainly useful as they help the children to understand the relationship between words and sound. There are also oral language skills which are the childs vocabulary and understanding of the uses and conventions of spoken language.The general finding among experts is that children, who have larger vocabularies in early life, generally end up with greater linguistic abilities. (Promoting Literacy Activities in Early Childhood Settings) The biggest question in the entire process of education of children is that they our partners and their help are certainly required. It is a great pleasure to teach children as they are directly the sons and daughters of God and we remain in a purer environment when dealing with them.

An Observation of a Bat Mitzvah

The bar mitzvah is non actually a ceremony or rite of changeover as many people believe. It is actually a boy of the Judaic religion who has come through the age of 13. It is thus a legal status that is automatically ascribed with no need for ceremony or any other religious rite. A parallelism would be attaining adult age, typically 18 in most(prenominal) societies.The bar mitzvah pertains to males while a bat mitzvah is to females, and females become bat mitzvot (plural of mitzvah) at the age of 12. Bar or bat mitzvah translates to a coming of age and signifies the transition of the child to that of beginning adulthood insofar as religious practice was concerned, and be counted as part of the minyan or quorum for state-supported prayer. While it is widely practiced, thither is actually no direct mention of it in the Talmud.Because women are traditionally not allowed to read from the Torah, it was a momentous mathematical function when in 1922 the missy of Rabbi Mordecai M. Kaplan was the first bat mitzvah to read from the Torah in celebration of her 12th birthday. (The first American bat mitzvah) Today, many spring chicken girls celebrate becoming a bat mitzvah with a grandiosity that rivals that of a Sweet 16 birthday party.I. The CeremonyThe synagogue was a try of the diversity in the US. On one side was the families of the two girls who were to become bat mitzvot and since one of the girls was an adoptee of Chinese descent and the adoptive mother was not Jewish, in that location were quite a few who were not. Among the group, many were not Jewish as well, guests of the girls and their families who were to join in the celebration. (Schapiro)A box of commemorative yarmulke or characteristic skullcap enabled male guests to help themselves to one because it is expected that they cover their heads when participating in the service. However, only Jewish males over 13 wore the ritual fringes called the talit. Aside from this, there did not seem to be a distinction in dress for Jews and non-Jews.Some small children were present, and were quite surprisingly free to get up and spew as they pleased as long as they behaved. The unruly ones were quietly led away to what can only be supposed is a playroom.On the eastern wall of the synagogue, the Ark is evident. This is the repository of the Torah, and above the Ark is a light called the Ner Tamid or eternal light. There is also a representation of the Tablets of the Covenant.On the bima, the raised curriculum on which the service was to be conducted. The two girls were seated on the right side of the altar. The girls fathers laid the prayer shawl on their respective daughters shoulders, signifying a transfer of power, or responsibility, whichever perspective works, and the choir raised their voice in a welcoming song in Hebrew.The rabbi commenced with the reading, and at separately part the congregation was told when to sit or stand. This was especially helpful for non-Jewish part icipants of the service. The girls then were directed to approach the Ark where the Torah scrolls were kept. Each took their scroll and carried it around the sanctuary, as each Jewish guest shift their prayer books to it to signify love and devotion to its teachings.The girls then took their place at the bima in front of the congregation to read out the scrolls in Hebrew. This is referred to as the aliyah. The girls each read part of Chapter 21 of Exodus which was the reading for the Shabbat for that week. Afterwards, each girl gave a speech in English, a drash about how the acquaintance preparing for becoming bat mitzvot had meant to them. Each girl then touched the fringe of their prayer shawl to the Torah before kissing it and returning to their seat. The parents (excepting the non-Jewish mother) spoke before the congregation thanking idol for the blessing of freeing them from the responsibility for their childs sins. This part was spoken in English.The rabbi then said a few w ords directed at the new bat mitzvot and the girls then proceeded with the concluding prayers, the Haftorah and then the ceremony was over. The next part of the celebration was the fun part, the Kiddush and seudat mitzvah that translates today to a party held exterior the synagogue, where speeches and advice are liberally given for the elucidation of the new bat mitzvah. Traditional gifts with associations with the number 18 (considered a lucky number in Jewish tradition, meaning also life) and more generic gifts were given at the reception. (Bar and Bat Mitzvah Rich Gifts)II. DiscussionMitzvah is the word for commandment, and bat is daughter so a bat mitzvah is a daughter of the commandment. The whole point of this rite is to commemorate the childs coming of age just the way it is practiced tends to be highly adaptable to the particular societal context. The ceremony itself has no mention in the Talmud so the rituals have evolved over era and application. (Bar & bat mitzvah)Pre paration for the bar or bat mitzvah typically begins a year or more prior to the communicate date, especially for modern Jews or those who are newly converted. This is to allow the child to become familiar with the Jewish commandments, prayer, history and the Hebrew language. A large assign of this education is overseen by the cantor, or scholar.The responsibilities of the bat mitzvah includes the keeping of the mitzvot or commandments as embodied in the Torah, all 613 of them. She is also expected to observe rituals such as fasting days. Interestingly enough, this is also considered the point in which the bat mitzvah can decide to remain or not within the faith. Because of this, a confirmation ceremony is slated for the 16th or 18th year of the bat mitzvah in some communities. (Bar/bat mitzvah)More Jewish-Orthodox Jewish families prepare their male children for eventual emancipation by starting their preparations at kindergarten age and beyond the age of bar mitzvah. Orthodox J ews do not allow women to act in religious services, so becoming a bat mitzvah in these communities does not include the service and is usually celebrated at home with a small party that merely commemmorates the childs 12th birthday.Reformist sects take the cue from their spiritual leader, the rabbi. This was what happened to Judith Kaplan the daughter of Rabbi Mordecai M. Kaplan, who believed women should be given equal consideration and importance in the community. However, for the longest time bat mitzvot usually celebrated on a Friday rather than on the Shabbat, or did not read directly from the Torah, so deeply ingrained was the bias against women in the Jewish orthodoxy. (The first American bat mitzvah)With the influence of American society and growing diversity in religion, however practice has been inevitably affected. The number of religious intermarriages is rising and many religious groups have seen the wisdom of adapting to the ever-changing society.This is especially apparent in the ceremony described above. The bar mitzvot are now allowed to read from the Torah, and are instructed in this by the cantor with the benevolent overseeing of the rabbi himself. They participate fully in the ceremony, and the fact that one of the parents is non-Jewish is no longer a big issue as long as they play a static role in the service itself. Outsiders are welcome to participate in a passive manner as well, and religious scholars are more than involuntary to explain the intricacies of the service to the clueless.There is even a growing trend among newly converted Jews who become bar or bat mitzvah in ceremonies held at any point in their life, some as old as 80. Because these people came into the faith late in life, they are considered to have attained a coming of age when they have mastered the basics of the Jewish religion.III. ConclusionFor all children, rites of passage are important highlights in their lives. For Jewish children in particular, the concept of becoming a bar or bat mitzvah and the formal celebration of the event focuses on the importance of having a good experience of Judaism. At the same time, it serves as inducting a sense of belonging for children, which at this particular point in their lives is crucial for optimal development.Because survival of the congregation that is yearly becoming diverse, even the most stringent religious traditions have been compelled to unbend and accommodate the evolving population. The practice of commemorating the becoming of a bat mitzvah is a particularly good example of this accommodation.Works CitedBar and Bat Mitzvah. Encyclopedia of Childhood and Adolescence. 20010406. FindArticles.com. 17 Jul. 2007. http//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_g2602/is_0000/ai_2602000074Bar & bat mitzvah. Jewish Celebrations. 2007. Mazornet.com. 18 July 2007 .Bar/bat mitzvah. Patriarchy Website.January 2000. Israel CS Lim. 18 July 2007 .Rich, Tracey. Bar Mitzvah and bat mitzvah. Judaism 101. 2005. JewF AQ.org. 18 July 2007 .Schapiro, Moshe. What is a bar or bat mitzvah? Jewish Lifecycles. 18 January 2000. Aish HaTorah. 18 July 2007 .The first American bat mitzvah. Jewish Virtual Library. 2007. The American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise. 18 July 2007 .

Dowry System Essay

In India, lot (Hindi , Dahja) is the payment in cash or some kind of gifts given to a stablemans family along with the bride. Generally, they include cash, jewellery, electrical appliances, furniture, bedding, crockery, utensils and other household items that help the newlywed set up her home.Wedding gifts of the son of the imam of Delhi India with soldiers and 2000 guests The dowery corpse is thought to put great financial burden on the brides family. It has been cited as one of the reasons for families andwomen in India resorting to sex selection in favor of sons. This has perverse the sex ratio of India (940 females per thousand males) and may have given rise to female foeticide. The payment of a dowry has been prohibited under The 1961 constituent hindrance manage in Indian civil law and subsequently by Sections 304B and 498a of the Indian Penal code (IPC). Contents1 Prevalence2 Laws3 Social factors4 Economic factors5 Domestic furiousness5.1 Physical abuse5.2 Emotional abuse5.3 Murder6 See also7 References8 External linksPrevalenceThe trends regarding dowry in India vary across the nation.6 Over the last few decades, there has been an observed transition from the brideprice dodge, where wealth flows from the groom to the brides family, to the dowry system where wealth flows in the opposite direction. According to studies, argonas in south India have traditionalisticly practiced the brideprice system, even among stop number castes. In the north, societal differences in coupling led upper castes to practice a dowry system, while in lower classes brideprice was more than common.Wedding Procession- Bride nether a Canopy with Gifts. Circa 1800 In the last 100 years, the dowry system has taken over the brideprice system, and the existing dowry system is becoming more secure in cultures that have practiced it traditionally. According to research, brideprice has been declining since the beginning of the 20th century, and today very(prenominal) litt le is still in practice. Rather, dowry has been growing both in families participating and in cost across India. Studies show there be also variations on dowry prevalence based on geography and class. States in the north are more plausibly to participate in the dowry system among all classes, and dowry is more likely to be in the take shape of opposerial and movable goods.5 In the south, the brideprice system is still more likely, and is more often in the form of land, or other inheritance goods. This system is tie to the well-disposed structure of marriage, which keeps marriage inside or close to family relations.5 Dowry also varies by class, or caste, in India. Upper-class families are more likely to engage in the dowry system than the lower class. This could be in part due to womens economic exclusion from the labor market in upper classes. LawsSee also Dowry law in IndiaDowry became prohibited by law in 1961 with the purpose of prohibiting the demanding, giving and taking of dowry. Although providing dowry is illegal, it is still common in many parts of India for a hubby to seek a dowry from the wifes family, in some cases prima(p) to extortion or violence against the wife. To stop offences of cruelty by the husband or his relatives against the wife, section 498A was added to the Indian Penal Code and section 198A to the Criminal Procedure Code in 1983. Section 498A has been criticised by many in India as being prone to misuse. The law was challenged in court, but upheld by the Supreme Court of India in 2005. Social factorsSocial changes across time have contributed to the modern dowry system inIndia. Some of the tender factors influencing dowry include tradition, increased womens rights, and the marriage squeeze, which is the shortage of eligible men for marriage. Tradition is certainly one explanation given by scholars to address the prevailing dowry system. iodin aspect of this is the structure and kinship of marriage in parts of India. In t he north, marriage usually follows a patrilocal (lives with husbands family) system, where the groom is a non-related fragment of the family. This system encourages dowry perhaps due to the exclusion of the brides family after marriage as a form of premortem inheritance for the bride. In the south, marriage is more often conducted within the brides family, for example with close relatives or cross-cousins, and in a closer animal(prenominal) distance to her family. In adjunct, brides may have the big businessman to inherit land, which makes her more valuable in the marriage, decreasing the chance of dowry over the bride price system. In addition to marriage customs that may capture dowry, social customs or rituals, and parents expectations of dowry are important factors to consider.Several studies show that while attitudes of people are changing about dowry, the institution has changed very little, and even continues to prevail. In a study conducted by Rao (1980), 75% of student s responded that dowry was not important to marriage, but 40% of their parents likely expected dowry. The social and traditional influence on dowry is not to be neglected. While India has been making progress for womens rights, women continue to be subject of their family and husband. Womens education, income, and health are some signifi shagt factors that play into the dowry system, and for how much control a woman has over her marriage. According to data, India still limits womens social interactions, and restricts economic and social rights. In addition, the stress and financial burden of the dowry system may lead to son preference, which can lead to a skewed sex ratio (see also the economic factors and domestic violence sections). Lastly, there is a strong argument given for the marriage squeeze trend for dowry. This theory explains that increased richness coupled with decreased mortality has caused a shortage of eligible men has declined, raising the dependence on and cost of dowry. This increases womens competition in the marriage market, and decreases their value compared to other brides, unless dowry is competitive. According to Rao (1993), theseconditions will be less critical as marriage age increases for women, and pressure to find a mate declines.Indian matrimonys can be lavish events that can last multiple days Economic factorsThere are many economic factors that contribute towards the system of dowry. Some of these include inheritance systems and the brides economic status. Because female-based inheritance was not legal in India until law reforms in the 1950s, dowry may have begun as a form of legal inheritance for daughters. The system would give women economic and financial security in their marriage in the form of movable goods. This helped prevent family wealth break-up and provided security to the bride at the same time. This system can also be used as a premorteminheritance, as once a woman is presented with movable gifts, she may be cu t off from the family estate.The act of bidding farewell to ones own family members as the bride reserves her home and steps into that of her husbands is often an emotional one However, as the system evolved, dowry has become a greater financial burden on the family, and can leave families destitute based on the demands from the groom. According to research done by Heyer (1992) and Srinivasan (2005), the amount of gold demanded as dowry has increased from around five pavun (1 Pavun= 8 grams) in 1930 to 100 or more pavun in 2000. The increase in dowry prices has immense implications on families and on women in Indian society including physical and emotional abuse, murder, and sex selective abortion and infanticide (see Domestic violence section). Another factor affecting dowry is the brides economic status. When a brides family is from a upper class (or caste), the family is expected to pay more for her dowry, and provide a grand display of wealth. This can be detrimental to a bride s wedding prospects if the family cannot afford the dowry, and can lead to some women either being forced into an unfavorable marriage or not marrying at all.Women in higher castes are also sometimes not expected to contribute financially to the family she enters, besides household work, which may cause the prevalence of dowry over brideprice.Domestic violenceDowry is considered a major contributor towards observed violence against women in India. Some of these offences include physical violence, emotional abuses, and even murder of brides and girls. National crime Records in India reported approximately 6,0007,000 dowry-related deaths every year and about 43,00050,000 cases of mental and physical torture over the years from 1999-2003, indicating that violence and dowry are a serious national concern. Physical abusePhysical violence against women has been a growing concern in India over the last few decades. Recently get married women can be a target for dowry related violence, be cause she is tied economically and socially to her new husband. As discussed in previous sections on social and economic factors, dowry can undermine the importance of women in society, which might lead to further domestic violence, because dowry may contribute to womens substandard status in her family and in her culture. In addition, there are studies indicating dowry as a threat, or hostage type situation, in order to pull ahead greater funds from the brides family. This can be seen in young (and often pregnant) brides, who are most vulnerable in the situation.16 This type of stuation can give with the threat or occurrence of violence, so that the brides family is left with no choice but to give more dowry to protect their daughter. In these cases, the husband and his family hold immense power, while the bride is left powerless this can lead to murder and suicide. The areas of the greatest observed dowry related violence is in the Indian statesof Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Bi har. Emotional abuseThe impact of dowry can leave a woman helpless and desperate, which can cumulate in emotional trauma and abuse. Brides are often considered owned by their husbands, and often have very little power in the marriage, which can lead to depression and suicide. Dowry reinforces these beliefs and is considered to escalate make of emotional trauma in a marriage. MurderThe system of dowry has also been linked to murder of young brides. Physical abuses described above can also result in murder. These murders can arise due to the financial demands from a husband, or dissatisfaction of the bride from the grooms family. In addition, the concept of Bride Burning refers to the sacrificial murder of a bride who is unsatisfactory to her husband in the form of dowry. In these cases, the woman is considered a sacrifice to her husband due to her inadequacy, and is glorified as an straightforward woman. These cases reinforce the structured violence against women, while glorified a s being purer or more sacred than a dowry death. In addition to bride murder, the institution of dowry may also reinforce sex-selective abortion and female infanticide.14 Due to the social and economic burdens of dowry, families may choose boys over girls, so that they rescind consequences of the system. This then may strengthen gendered violence and preferential male treatment in society. There are laws like Protection of Women from Domestic fierceness Act 2005 that help to reduce domestic violence and to protect womens rights.References1. Jump up Godrej Nupur Jagruti- Dahej Ke Khilaf Ek Awaz 2. Jump up toa b c Anderson, Siwan (2007). The Economics of Dowry and Brideprice. The Journal of Economic Perspectives 21 (4) 151174. doi10.1257/jep.21.4.151. 3. Jump up toa b c d e f g h Srinivasan, Sharada (2005). Daughters or Dowries? The Changing Nature of Dowry Practices in South India. World developing 33 (4) 593615.doi10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.12.003. 4. Jump up Census of India Indi a at a Glance call forth Ratio 5. Jump up toa b c d e f g h i j k l m Dalmia, Sonia Pareena G. Lawrence (2005). The Institution of Dowry in India Why It Continues to Prevail. The Journal of Developing Areas 38 (2) 7193.doi10.1353/jda.2005.0018. 6. Jump uptoa b c d e f g h i Bhat, P. N. Mari Shiva S. Halli (1999). Demography of Brideprice and Dowry Causes and Consequences of the Indian Marriage Squeeze.. Population Studies 53 (2) 129148.doi10.1080/00324720308079. 7. Jump up toa b c d e f Rao, V. (1993). Dowry inflation in rural India A statistical investigation. Population Studies 47 (2) 283293. doi10.1080/0032472031000147016. 8. Jump up Hutton, J.H. (1963). Caste in India Its Nature, Function and Origins. Bombay Oxford University Press. 9. Jump up Srinivas, M.N. (1989). The Cohesive Role of Sanskritization and Other Essays. Delhi Oxford University Press. 10. Jump up Amend dowry law to stop its misuse, SC tells govt. The Times Of India. 2010-08-17. 11. Jump up Sushil Kumar Sharm a vs Union Of India And Ors on 19 July, 2005. Indiankanoon.org. Retrieved 2013-02-18. 12. Jump up toa b Krishnaswamy, Saroja (1995). Dynamics of private and social factors influencing the attitude of married and unmarried working women towards dowry. International Journal of Sociology of the Family 25 (1) 3142. 13. Jump up toa b c d e f g Rao, V.V. Prakasa V. Nandini Rao (1980). The Dowry System In Indian Marriages Attitudes, Expectations And Practices. International Journal of Sociology of the Family 10 (1) 99113. 14. Jump up toa b c d e f SRINIVASAN, SHARADA ARJUN S. BEDI (2007). Domestic emphasis and Dowry Evidence from a South Indian Village. World Development 35 (5) 857880.doi10.1016/j.worlddev.2006.08.005. 15. Jump up toa b c Seager, Joni (2009). The Penguin Atlas of Women in the World. New York Penguin Group. 16. Jump up toa b c d e f g h i Teays, Wanda (1991). The Burning Bride The Dowry Problem in India. Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion 7 (2) 2952. 17. Jump u p toa b Srinivasan, Padma Gary R. Lee (2004). The Dowry System in Northern India Womens Attitudes and Social Change. Journal of Marriage and Family 66 (5) 11081117.doi10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00081.x. 18. Jump up toa b Bloch, Francis Vijayendra Rao (2002). Terror as a Bargaining Instrument A Case Study of Dowry Violence in Rural India. The American Economic Review 92 (4) 10291043.doi10.1257/00028280260344588. 19. Jump up toa b c d e f g PRASAD, B. DEVI (1994). Dowry-Related Violence A Content Analysis of News in Selected Newspapers. Journal of Comparative Family Studies 25 (1) 7189. 20. Jump up toa b Hackett, Michelle T. (2011). Domestic Violence against Women Statistical Analysis of Crimes acrossIndia. Journal of Comparative Family Studies 42 (2) 267288. External linksedit

KFC in India Case Study Assignment (Ethical Issue) Essay

AbstractThe case highlights the ethical issues involved in Kentucky Fried Chickens (KFC) barter operations in India. KFC entered India in 1995 and has been in midst of controversies since then. The regulatory authorities found that KFCs chickens did non adhere to the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954. Chickens contained nformer(a) three clock more monosodium glutamate (popularly known as MSG, a flavor enhancing ingredient) as allowed by the Act. Since the late 1990s, KFC faced severe knowledges by People for estimable Treatment of Animals (PETA), an tool rights protection organization.PETA accused KFC of barbarousty towards chickens and released a video tape showing the ill-treatment of birds in KFCs poultry farms. However, undeterred by the witnesss by PETA and different savage rights organizations, KFC planned a massive expansion program in India. (see http//www.icmr.icfai.org/casestudies/catalogue/Business%20Ethics/BECG044.htm) ObjectivesUnderstand the significan ce of cultural, economic, regulatory and ecological issues while establishing business in a foreign country.Appreciate the need for protecting animal rights in developed and developing countries like India.Understand the importance of ethics in doing business.Examine the reasons for protests of PETAIdentify solutions for KFCs problems in India. Key Terms KFC, Business Ethics, International Business, People for Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), Food Adulteration, Selling Junk Food, mercilessness against Animals, Animal Welf atomic number 18 Legislation, KFCs Poultry Welfare Guidelines.Each bird whom KFC puts into a box or a bucket had a miserable feel and a frightening death. People would be shocked to see our foot upage of a KFCsuppliers employee who walks through a barn, carelessly lighting lamps and letting flames descend on the terrified birds. The air inside these filthy barns reeks of ammonia fumes, making it difficult for the birds to breathe. No one with a grain of com passion should set foot in KFC.Ingrid Newkirk, Director, PETA.The chicken they serve is full of chemicals, and the birds are given hormones, antibiotics and arsenic chemicals to fatten them quickly.Nanjundaswamy.PROTEST AGAINST KFCOn August 20, 2003, a five-foot tall chicken masterful with an ensemble of feathers and beak hobbled on a pair of crutches outside Kentucky Fried Chickens (KFC) Indian outlet in Bangalore. The chicken was brought by PETA (People for Ethical Treatment of Animals) activists, who carried placards reading, Quit India and Stop Playing Fowl (a pun on Foul).The chicken was placed at the centre and a peaceful protest was held against the alleged ill treatment of birds in KFCs poultry farms. Media persons were called to give the demonstration a wide coverage.Explaining the rationale behind the protest, Bijal Vachcharajani, special projects coordinator of PETA, said, Ours is the land of Gandhi. near as 61 years back our leaders gave a call for colonizers to quit I ndia, we too are saying we will not tolerate cruel multinationals. On the 61st anniversary of the Quit India movement, PETA India wrote a letter to the Managing Director of Tricon Restaurant International, the parent company of KFC, asking them to close their sole KFC outlet in India. They got no reply. PETA activists decided to protest against KFC by carrying crippled chicken, which represented the birds suffering in the KFCs farms.PETA claimed that after two years of intensive campaigning to increase animal welfare standards in poultry farms, other foreign fast food restaurants operating in India like McDonalds and Burger King had improved the treatment of animals in particular raised and slaughtered for food. Only KFC had not acted. Though PETA had organized other protests earlier, the crippled chicken campaign became the precursor for more intensive protests. PETAs was one of the galore(postnominal) shows of protest against KFCs Indian outlet.BACKGROUND NOTEKFC was founded by Harland Sanders (Sanders) in the early 1930s, when he started cooking and serving food for hungry travellers who stopped by his service station in Corbin, Kentucky, US. He did not own a restaurant then, scarcely served people on his own dining table in the living quarters of his service station. His chicken delicacies became popular and people started coming just for food. Kentucky Fried Chicken was born. Soon, Sanders moved across the street to a motel-cum-restaurant, later named Sanders Court & Cafe, that seated around 142 people.Over the next nine years, he perfected his secret blend of 11 herbs and spices and the basic cooking technique of chicken. Sanders fame grew and he was given the title Kentucky Colonel by the state Governor in 1935 for his contribution to the states cuisine. Sanders restaurant business witnessed an unexpected halt in the early 1950s, when a new interstate highway was planned bypassing the town of Corbin. His restaurant flourished mainly due to the patro nage of highway travellers. The new development meant the end of this. Sanders change his restaurant operations. After settling all his bills, he was reduced to living on a meager $105 social security cheque.But Sanders did not lose hope. Banking on the popularity of his product and confident of his unique recipe for fried chicken, Sanders started franchising his chicken business in 1952. He called it Kentucky Fried Chicken. He travelled the length and breadth of the country by car, visiting as many restaurants as possible and cooking batches of chicken. If the restaurant owners liked his chicken, he entered into a handshake obligation that stipulated payment of a nickel for each plate of chicken sold by therestaurant.By 1964, Sanders franchised more than 600 chicken outlets in the US and Canada. The same year, he sold his interest in his company in the US for $2 million to a group of investors. However, he remained the public spokesperson for the company. KFC grew rapidly on a lower floor the new owners and issued shares to the public on March 17, 1966. In July 1971, KFC was acquired by Heublein Inc. for $285 million. By then, KFC had over 3,500 franchised and company-owned restaurants in the world.Sources/Links/ReferencesPeta protest KFC part 1Peta protest KFC part 2NY Times Articlehttp//www.ecomall.com/greenshopping/peta.htmhttp//www.japantoday.com/jp/news/245005http//www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,115108,00.htmlhttp//multinationalmonitor.org/hyper/mm0196.03.htmlAnalysisThere are a number of issues relating to this incident that demonstrate the ethical and incorrupt issues surrounding business. KFCs business in India leads to a wide range of direct and indirect employment related to the business as a issuing of the investment by the company. KFC claims that it does not own chicken the farms. How honest are the claims that KFC is making?How reliable are the claims made by those who oppose KFCs activities? What conflicts swot up between the responsibil ities that KFC has to the treatment of chickens and the local community, and to its shareholders, suppliers and employees, other external stakeholders? Your AssignmentThis is an independent assignment.Download and complete the KFC case analysis document. Save the document asnamed but by adding your last name then first to the end of the file name (separated by an underscore _ ) where indicated.In this documentAnswer the above questions.You are to research this case using the above sources and others that you discover. Provide a work cited list only of those sources that you USE. . For full marks, use terminology and concepts from the course and its text. See the claim at the end of the KFC case analysis document. Submit your completed copy of the KFC hard copy in class and electronic copy to the class electronic mail address by deadline date (see class website for due and deadline dates). NO EXTENSION WILL BE ALLOWED.

Psychologists & prejudice Essay

According to Dollards et al (1939) frustration-aggression hypothesis aggression that cannot be expressed promptly at the source of frustration can be displaced unto a representation of the source (scapegoat), leading to bias and prejudice. Unlike the previous cases which have their line of descents in neighborly learning or social identity this form of prejudice is borne out of the clangoral component of social interaction. A solution is therefore to reduce this friction as much as possible.The apartheid era in South Africa did recognise the problem of cultural friction and sought to address it by separating black from white. However, the disengagement was not fair favouring white (supremacy) over black. This in effect only amounted to replacing one source of friction and frustration with another.Typically, social frustrations are associate to exogenous economic conditions where the contrast between the rich and poor is clearly sharpened. The challenge for any government to imp lement a solution to such frustrations whitethorn be simply be too difficult, or not at all practical.Germany in the late 1930s and early forties provides a faithful example of national frustration followed by an explosion of national prejudice and aggression. The application of the solution shaped the history of the 20th century. By understanding the origin and causes of prejudice, psychologists are able to propose methods and conditions that can lead to a reduction of prejudice. However, economic factors, social learning, and identity beliefs based on religion or civilisation may mean that any attempt to remove prejudice from free society will be met with limited success.

A Clean Well Lighted Place †Theme and Setting Essay

A clean well lighted patch by Ernest Hemingway has a few themes that stand let out clearly exclusively the one theme that stands out to me is hopelessness. According to Merriam-Webster dictionary, despair means to lose every last(predicate) hope or confidence. In the fiction, the of age(predicate)er host and the old desensitise small-arm somehow share a common bond of despair. Both men are of period and the likes of to be out, belated at night, alone. Asides from the horizontal surface alone, the theme of the story ignore be brought out by the setting. The setting contributes to the storys theme in different ways.The setting contributes to the mood of the story, to the bodily structure of the story, and to the lesson of the story. The cafe represents salvation for despair which is shown through the setting of the story. First, the setting contributes to the mood, from the quote It was very late and everyone had remaining the cafe except an old opus who sat in the sh adow the leaves of the tree made against the galvanic light. (107) sets a mood of a person in sadness. As a regular, at a cafe, late at night alone reveals the characters personality with the help of the setting.The setting reveals the storys mood because it visualizes the scene along with emotions of the story. Obviously the old man is non the type of drunk to take hold of violent or rough because the mood seems to be calming as the setting had described but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the variety. (107) Even though the old man is deaf, the setting intensified the mood of peacefulness that the old man enjoys nice quiet drinks at a clean place.Later in the story the older waiter had no place to go for a drink so, he had gone to a obstruction/bodega for a drink however, the mood of the step/bodega compared to the cafe was not as peaceful nor comfortable. The waiter mentioned It was the light of course but it is necessary that the place be clean and pleasant. You do not want music. Certainly you do not want music. Nor substructure you stand before a bar with dignity although that is all that is provided for these hours. (109) The mood clearly shows a difference within a different setting.If the old man were to drink in that bar then the storys mood could have been perceived in a different way. Furthermore, the setting contributes to the structure of the story, like cartilages in a human body. The cafe can be viewed as a workplace and too as a place of peaceful socialization. Each person deals with despair differently. Having the setting at a cafe where it was mentioned that it was quiet help structure the story that it is neither a depressing story nor, a happy story. The two waiters who were gossiping around the old man mentioned that he had committed suicide but, he was saved.Being in a cafe is different than rather being in a bar or anywhere else. Th e cafe signifies a place for space or time, depending on the person. The old man is not trying to cure his despair but rather subdue it. The setting could have interpreted place anywhere but it also could have affected the structure of the story differently. For example, when the older waiter was out trying to kill time due to insomnia, he went to a bar but, it was not console therefore, he went home. This proves how the setting was able to support its main structure of having a cafe rather than a different place.Finally, the lesson of the story is that do not be impatient. The setting contributed to how the lesson of the story was delivered. The old deaf man was not harming anyone and the cafe was not to fill up til two-thirty in the morning but, the young waiter wanted to close early because he wanted to go home to his wife. The setting is pleasing and comfortable for those who need a place late at night yet, it was taken away from someone who needed it. Even though the old man left quietly, it was obvious he was not done drinking.If the setting were to be elsewhere like a bar, it would mean that the old man was looking for a good time but, that was not the case. The setting contributed to the lesson like a book to a lecture. Overall, the setting contributes to the theme. The cafe represents salvation, its cleanliness and good lighting designate peace and relaxation, whereas a bar is chaotic and loud. The older waiter describes it as a refuge from the despair felt by those who are aware of the nothingness. In a clean well-lighted cafe, despair can be managed and even temporarily forgotten.When the older waiter describes the nothingness that is life, he says, It was only that and light was all it needed and a certain cleanness and order. (109) The it in the sentence was not defined, but we can speculate about the waiters meaning although life and man are nothing, light, cleanliness, and order can serve as substance. They can help counter off the despair f rom anyone. As long as a clean, well-lighted cafe exists, despair can be kept in check. This shows how the setting contributes to the theme through the mood, the structure, and the lesson of the story shaped by the setting.

Different types of business information Essay

Verbal CommunicationSpeaking verbal to many(a)one is speaking knocked out(p) loud. This includes talking showcase to face, in a meeting or in an interview. The proceedss of verbal communication argon it is a fast way to reach information but this information fire be tardily forgotten. Another advantage is that speech is direct and straight to the point. Another advantage is that if you ask a foreland you attain answer straight away no need to wait around. However they argon some disadvantages if you are talking to someone it may not be legal to talk to about special(prenominal) topics. Another disadvantage is they are no proof to say you have spoke to that person. Also if you are speaking to someone who does not speak English it is going to take time and money to deject a translator. Also another disadvantage is not everyone is listening.Face to FaceSpeaking face to face is a good way to communicate because you are they talking to them and you can ask those questions and g et a reply straight away, also if you didnt understand something you could just ask them to repeat themselves. However they are some disadvantages, if the person youre talking to speaks a different language, words can be misunderstood. address CallMaking a phone call to someone has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of a phone call is you can tell someone information quick and easy and you would get an answer straight away. Another advantage is that you can get straight to the point and you can make a phone call anywhere. The disadvantages of qualification a phone call is your words could be misunderstood and your line could break up.Non-Verbal CommunicationdigitalEmailEmail is very quick and a very easy way of getting in touch with other people. Once you send an email its sends instantly, so they will receive it a address faster than if you would have sent it by a letter in the post. There are some disadvantages you need a secure internet link to send emails, also y ou have to type the slump email address in these complications mean many people prefer to make phone calls kind of of emails.Non DigitalWritten CommunicationThis is an old fashion way of communicating with other people, the advantages there is no(prenominal) we have faster and better technology to communicate. The disadvantages are is slow, the postal service takes up to 3 eld just to deliver the letter thats if it even gets to the address because nowadays post can get lost in the system.

Basic Economic Question

Through market research and analysis it has been plant out that there are several economic choices that every firm must face. This is in preeminence with the core objective of the firm which basically entails producing standardized product to meet the nodes demand and devising pay for the firm.Research from surveys and focus groups have indicated that our coronation bank collects to develop a product which best suits the clients establishing strong consumer behaviour and meeting the impacts of government policies.No longer are banks interested in their own interest of making profits but what is of implicit in(p) concern is whether the customer is satisfied. Our investment bank is not an exceptional one. We need to address the issues of developing a product that will make the bank outstand despite its rivals in the market. knowledge of product Economic choices imply that the forces of demand and supply need to be put into consideration when choosing a particular product for the firm.The central question therefore that I considered in developing this product was the locomote at which the customers will learn on the use and the reliability of the product when its introduced into the market. As an investment bank, a structured gravel is one of the products which is neckclothamental in the bank. This is because they allow customers to attain higher yields and also be able to take market risks upto a certain degree will be inflexible by the bank.The bank through this product will be able to meet the needs and expectations of the consumers and the attention team of the bank too. The product is introduced into the market just like every other products which have been introduced before. The customer is taken into an orientation so that he gets to learn that this product involves saving just like any other saving accounts. They will be informed that this service provides more services beyond the conventional savings such as mutual funds.Reasons for choos ing this product One of the reasons why a structured make would be important in our investment bank is that it provides cash to the customer ant time he needs it. The customer does not need to wait upto a certain maturity date or pay a penalty for withdrawal of the money in his account. Another important issue which is fundamental is that through this product the bank can get more profits by soliciting so ofttimes money at a specific time so that it can invest at a go and get maximum returns.The customer will also benefit in that incase he requires some loan, then he will be granted since the pool from the other investors in this persona of fund will have contributed. Another major reason that is important is that a structured deposit is a very good method of investment of ones money. An individual who has an account with a structured fund will find it easier in the future to get his money in a lumpsum amount. This therefore is a good investment solution to an individual. Conclus ionFor our bank to achieve the demands of the product there is need for awareness to be created to customers so that they can be in apposition to get the products and benefit from it. Reference California lay down of Technology (2008, February 16). Insights on Economic Choices and challenges facing banks, an article pp. 35-56. Products of investment banks Retrieved on 8th April 2009 from http//www. citibank. ro/romania/corporate. Sample memo for business executives retrieved on 8th April 2009 from http//www. purdue. edu/owl/resource

In “Tree At My Window” by Robert Frost Essay

In Tree At My Window, Robert icing the puck addresses a tree growing outside of his bedroom window with these words tho treeYou know calculaten me when I slept, I was taken and swept / And all simply lost. / That day she roll our heads together, / Fate had her belief about her, / Your head so much concerned with outer, / Mine with inner, weather. In these lines freeze conveys several emotions and themes that bottom many of his whole works. These common themes include injustice, night eon, isolation, inner turmoil and the premonition of death. It is through these recur images that we argon fitted to glimpse into Robert hoars feeling, and wait on how greatly his life history effected his poetry.Robert frosting endured many turned on(p) hardships in his life. Some of the most signifi orduret and tragic, be the many deaths in his immediate family. By the time Frost was 27, he had lost both of his parents, his son Elliott, as well as his grandfather, the man who had served as a surrogate father to him after the death of his own father when he was barely 11. By the time Frost was 62, he was strong pointd to commit his sister Jeanie to a mental hospital. He had too lost three more of his seven children (one to a miscarriage), as well as his wife Elinor, the get along of his life. Five years posthumousr, his son Carol committed suicide. spring Pools is a reflection on Frosts inner emotions in dealing with the deaths of his children. The pools, that though in forests, still reflect / The total thrash about almost without defect, are his children. He speaks of their innocence, and the fact that they are too progeny to know the imperfections of the world, too young to be jaded, or even scared of their forthcoming death.The poesy is entitled Spring Pools, however it does non give an illusion of Spring in the traditional senses of newness, rejuvenation, joy & rebirth. Rather the term spring is utilise in the title in much the equivalent way as the term Spring lamb, an animal whose only purpose behind being born is to be slaughtered at the end of the season.The trees and roots are symbolic of both death and God. He implores the trees that get it in their pent-up buds / to darken nature to counttwice before they use their powers / To blot out and sweep away / These flowery waters. He is literally begging God to reconsider when get downing death upon his children, yet he knows that he is non the force controlling the situation. He knows that his children will like the flowers beside them soon be gone. The fresh pools, from snow that melted only yesterday, are spoke of with a touch of nostalgic innocence.Frost puts both himself and Elinor, in the poem as, a flower beside the pools. In referring to the pools as flowery waters, he is not only showing the parental alliance between the pools and the flowers beside them, further similarly intensifying the image that the pools are soft, young and innocent. He speaks of t heir premature death, not out by any brook or river, / But up by roots to bring dark foliage on with difficult-rooted feelings of loss brought on by his own personal tragedy.Spring Pools contains within its lines the themes of darkness, sadness, and inevit competent death. It shows Frosts struggle to control occurrences in his life that are nigh insuperable. At the end of the poem, he slowly comes to foothold with the uncertainty of life, and he begins to resolve his feelings of contempt for the bodied world. Frost is rarely satisfied or resolved with his choices, however he is accepting of his future uncertainties. At the end of most of Frosts poems, he has generally resolved or come to terms with his emotional and mental turmoil. art objecty of his works share these same inner conflicts, such as his poem The Road not Taken.Frost uses The Road Not Taken as poem as a metaphor for the mass amount of travelling that he was doing in the period of his life in which it was written. amid 1909-1915, Frost and his family relocated their home twelve times. They lived in several places on the Statess easterly Coast, including New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and the Virginia-North Carolina border, as well as England, Gloucestershire, and then back to New York. It was during this time of transporting his family back to America that Frost wrote The Road Not Taken.In The Road Not Taken, Frost speaks of Two roadsin a yellow wood andthe close that he must make in choosing one racetrack over the other. He looked down one as far as I could / To where it bent in the undergrowthThen took the other, as just as fair, and scrutinized its possibilities and potential in comparison to the first road. He eventually comes to a decision, deciding to continue the first for another day / Yet knowing how way leads on to way, / I doubted if I should ever come back.But is he satisfied with his decision? Of course not I shall be telltale(a) this with a sigh / Somewhere ages and ages h ence / Two roads diverged in a wood and I / I took the one less traveled by, / And that has made all the difference. He is not satisfied with his decision, as is made apparent when he says that he will be telling this with a sigh somewhere in the future. However, one does not have to be satisfied with their decision to accept it. Choosing the road less traveled by has made all the difference in his life, that Frost does not specify that his choice was the one that produced the best possible outcomes in his life.Many of Frosts poems concern his future and making decisions that will effect the rest of his life. The poem An Old Mans Night was first published at the same time as The Road Not Taken. It was a time of great unsettlement, both mentally and physically for Frost. Frost was travelling from one city to another trying to establish his roots. His poetry was being received sooner well, but his personal life was in a disheveled state. Elinor was becoming ill due to a weak heart and she suffered a miscarriage.Frost disquietudeed for her life, as well as fearing the loneliness that seemed to be inevitably looming in his future. He had suffered quite a substantial amount of grief and heartache, and he was terrified of the thought of getting old by himself. He had been known to hear voices in his head as a child, however, Frost remained adamant that these voices had disappeared when he entered adulthood. Most critics, however, agree that Frost refused to admit that the voices still occupied his mind in order to keep off ridicule or institutionalization.The old man in An Old Mans Winter Night, can be construed to be Frost himself when he states ambiguously, All out of doors looked darkly in at him / by means of the thin frost. The man is old and alone, not able toremember his reasoning and decisions. He goes into his cellar, but what kept him from remembering what it was / that brought him to the creaking room was age. / He stood with barrels round him at a loss. The windlessness of the house is obvious in the amplification of common noises. He scared the cellar under him / In clomping in hereand scared the outer night / Which has its sounds, familiar, like the roar / Of trees, and crack of branches, common things. / But nothing so like beating on a box.Frost feels that without anyone or so him in his life, his life would become insignificant, a light he would be to no one but himself. He identifies with the darkness, calling the corn liquor as better than the sun in any case / For such a charge. He is able however, to find peace and catch some Zs in the darkness that envelops him. The log that shifted with a jolt / Once in the stove disturbed him and he shifted, / And eased his heavy breathing, but still slept. Although he is not content, he is beginning to accept that this may be a potential outcome of his life. The final lines convey his fear of the future when he says, One aged man one man cant keep a houseor if he canIts th us he does it of a wintertime night.The darkness and mystery that couple with nighttime are key players in many of Frosts metaphors. He often uses a winter night as his setting, and most commonly, the speaker is either travelling or walking out in the cold. Frost himself was rumored to be afraid of the dark, but he was overly known for taking long walks in the dark. This was a straightforward way of confronting his fears by staring the darkness in the face and standing up to the nighttime that terrified him. After years of this practice, Frost be himself not only comfortable and at ease in the darkness, but he found also that the nighttime was where he became the most content and free from anxiety. Frost was a very contemplative man, and he used his work to convey his inner thoughts and fears.In Good Hours, Robert Frost writes about a late evening walk down a winter lane. The rhyme scheme of this poem is a unreserved A, A, B, B pattern and is broken down into four stanzas of fou r lines each. The speaker walks in pensive silence, having no one at all with whom to talk. As he walks downthe winter lane, he personifies the inanimate objects that wall him, and gives light and life to the surroundings that fill the bleak night.The main unification in this poem comes from the recurring themes of darkness, amplification of sound and stillness, and the speakers inescapable loneliness. The speaker is feeling isolation from the world around him, and he cannot escape that feeling no matter how hard he tries to disillusion himself that his life follows the same course as the lives of the people that he sees in the cottage windows.The night is lonely and the speaker tells of cottages in a row / Up to their shining look in snow. How can a cottage have eyes, the organs of vision, if it does not possess the sense of sight? But to the speaker, the cottages are enormously alive, and the windows are the eyes from which he can see into the cottages soul. Eyes themselves do n ot literally shine, but in this instance, it is literally true to say that the eyes of the cottage were shining from the light within.The inside of the cottages are full of people performing various activities, and although the speaker is not included in the actions of their lives, he feels as though he is a part of it all, I thought I had the folk within / I had the sound of a violin. The speaker catches a glimpse from behind a veil of curtain laces young forms and youthful faces. (This too, can be construed as an image of his children, partially veiled by a encompass of death). He allows himself to become an integral part of the background scenery to such an extent that it satisfies him and keeps his mind occupied. learn that he never once mentions the bitter cold that should accompany a snowy winter evening.Although he has no human companion with him, the speaker has such company outward bound, that he continues to walk deep into the night until there were no cottages found. H e has been in such deep thought that he has not realized that he has reached the end of the town. He turns and realizing that he has been out such a long time and that it is getting very late, I saw no window but that was black, he heads back toward his home. He crossesthe slumbering village roadway with his creaking feet, a paradox since the street cannot actually rest or sleep because it is not living. An inanimate object does not need sleep or rest, however, when he disturbs the streets slumber, he feels it is like profanation. He is disrespecting the street and putting it to an improper use at this time of night, at ten oclock of a winter eve, when everything else in the town is at rest and still. The street is empty except for one last wanderer still traversing down a lonely lane.Frost deals with recurring themes of darkness, loneliness, death, and uncertainty. Through these themes, Frost reveals himself in candid form. He was a natural born worrier who often got nervous stom achaches. These occurrences became so frequent that eventually they drove him to quit school for several years. He had fears of abandonment in his childhood, which lead to feelings of isolation in adulthood. Both of these projections can be seen in lines from quit Places. I am too absent-spirited to count / The loneliness includes me unawares. Frost writes, They cannot scare me with their empty spaces / between starsI have it in me so much nearer home / To scare myself with my own desert places.By making the parallel between Frosts life and his poetry, we are able to clearly see how his life experiences shaped his poetry. These experiences gave birth to some of his greatest works, and from these works we see the man behind the poetry. We see a man who dealt with more heartbreak, hardships and sorrow than most should have to endure. We see a man who put more effort and soul into his work, than many will ever attempt. And we see a man whose works have inspired many, and will continue to do so for generations to come.

Compare the Presentation of Change in Yeats”Sailing to Byzantium’

Compare the presentation of mixed bag in Yeats Sailing to Byzantium and The aid Coming Both of Yeats meters articulate his opinions and viewpoint of the changes in society and peoples mental pictures. Through the poem The countenance Coming Yeats highlights his belief that the ordinal century had seen the beginning of a new darker era, full of violence and struggles for independence and the effects of the majuscule War. The second poem Sailing to Byzantium picturees Yeats observations of old age and the square estimation of travelling to Byzantium.Through the poem The Second Coming reflects more than just society and politics within Ireland, but expresses Yeats turn of perplexity towards large scale graphical and spiritual events such as The Great War in 1919. The Christian mind of the Second coming that Christ would return is featured as the centre pin to Yeats poem as questions what has become of his present day society, and how it had mutated and evolved from the mor e traditional, biblical times featured in religious stories and beliefs.The poem showcases Yeats acute understanding that a potentially dark time is ahead. The poem Sailing to Byzantium features the theme of aging, a popular writing topic of Yeats also utilize in other poems such as stormy Swans at Coole. The idea of escaping the unaccommodating world and society of callowness, and journeying to a calm Island of Byzantium appears a comforting thought. The poem written in when Yeats was around 60 years old provides insight into his thoughts of what it means to be old. The Second Coming contains links between how Yeats views society and the parturition of Christ and the belief he would return. The first stanza of the poem contains imagery of violence and a wishing of order. The phrase mere anarchy highlights the main dependant of the poem, the loss of a culture or civilisation, this dark imagery is used without the poem, Things fall unconnected the centre can non hold implie s that the things at the heart of Yeats modern culture are literary and metaphorically broken.This change is described using natural imager of water the blood-dimmed tide and the ceremony of innocence is drowned create a finger of fear as the natural power of water is uncontrollable, like the change Yeats is experiencing in the society of his time. This idea that the current society is not appropriate is shared in Sailing to Byzantium as it is explained that it is no province for old men and that an aged man is but a paltry thing, both(prenominal) phrases express the feeling of being out of place and unwanted ue to aging. Through the development of imagery such as the salmon- fall evoke the energy of youth whilst later a dying animal contrast youth with age allowing Yeats to highlight the change from youth to experience with age. In the poem The Second Coming Yeats uses the bank line the falcon cannot hear the falconer to give the worrying sense that nature is inverted and th ings are not as they should be, triggered by the coming change at the birth of a new era.The lines The ruff lack all conviction, while the worst are full of passionate intensity, built on opposites best and worst again support the theme that the change has inverted life for the worst. The religious imagery of the birth of the rough beast, as it slouches towards Bethlehem lacks an hint of human qualities, making it a stark contrast to the biblical, lenient saviour of Christ, but as a dehumanised monster. The use of stark contrast is also used within Sailing to Byzantium between the differences of being young and old, the young in one anothers arms carefree and sick with desire of an aged man jealous of the youthful.The word gyre in both poems is used as a common link to highlight to the reader that the changes occurring in both Sailing to Byzantium and The Second Coming are unavoidable and uncontrollable. While the technique of alliteration, Bethlehem to be born in The Second Comin g supports the momentum and inevitability of change and the new era. Also Fish, flesh, or fowl in Sailing to Byzantium has a powerful effect as it recaptures all fish, youth and birds and brings them once again to the attention of the reader, as these three species are examples of youth and support the change experienced by the old.In conclusion through both poems Yeats expresses different types of change and the extent they have on people and society. While in The Second Coming Yeats focuses on the worrying and almost threatening change in society through the twentieth century he highlights the also worrying, for different reason, inevitability of aging and the want to escape from the struggles of modern, youth controlled society.